AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE ON VATASHTHEELA W.S.R. TO BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA – A REVIEW

Abstract

Background: BPH is a prevalent urological condition affecting elderly males, presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) such as hesitancy, frequency, nocturia, straining, and incomplete evacuation. In Ayurveda, similar obstructive urinary conditions are described under Mutraghata (Retention of urine), with Vatashtheela being a key subtype. It is attributed to aggravated Vata dosha, which lodges between the Basti (Bladder) and Guda (Rectum), forming a hard, immobile mass that obstructs the passage of urine, flatus, and stool. The anatomical and symptomatic resemblance between Vatashtheela and BPH highlights the relevance of correlating these conditions. Objective: To explore the Ayurvedic concept of Vatashtheela in relation to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and evaluate integrative management strategies. Methods: A narrative review was conducted by searching databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, classical Ayurvedic texts, contemporary commentaries, peer-reviewed modern research articles, and standard modern textbooks were extensively reviewed. Relevant literature was critically analysed to explore the anatomical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic correlations of BPH with Vatashtheela. Results: Ayurvedic classics, such as the Sushruta Samhita, highlight the significance of Mutravaha Strotas (urinary system) in urinary disorders and advocate treatments like Shodhana (purification), Shamana (palliative measures), and Uttarbasti (medicated enema through urethra). Formulations such as Gokshuradi Guggulu, Chandraprabha Vati, and Punarnava are recommended for pacifying Vata and promoting better urinary flow. Conclusion: Vatashtheela closely parallels BPH in terms of aetiology, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation. An integrative approach combining Ayurvedic therapies with modern urological care can enhance treatment outcomes and quality of life in patients with BPH. Clinical Significance: Ayurvedic modalities, especially Uttarbasti and Vata-pacifying measures, can play a significant role in the conservative management of BPH, potentially delaying or reducing the need for invasive procedures.