PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES THROUGH AYURVEDA

Abstract

Introduction: The ancient science of life, Ayurveda, has a comprehensive approach in the prevention and management of diseases. Based on the mode of transmission, the diseases are broadly classified as communicable and non communicable. In Ayurveda various terms like Janapadodhwamsa, Maraka, Aupasargika Roga were used to describe epidemics and communicable diseases. The association of the three important factors viz agent, host and environment are responsible for emergence of infectious diseases. In order to break the chain of transmission of infective agents, Ayurveda advocates various preventive measures like avoiding Prasanga (Mutual contact), Gatrasamsparsha (Skin to skin touch) etc and for promoting the health, Rasayana (Rejuvination therapy) and Panchakarma are advised. Several non-pharmacological measures that are interpretative to overall health including diet, sleep, mental factors, and environmental hygiene are also recommended in Ayurveda. Methods: Janapadodhwamsa is described in length in the Charaka Samhita Vimanasthana. In Susrutha Samhita Sutrasthana, Acharya Susrutha provides information about Aupasargika rogas. Diseases brought on by extreme seasonal changes, according to the Bhela Samhita, can result in mass mortality. The information is compiled from a variety of Ayurvedic texts. Result: An infection manifests only whenever under favourable conditions the host immunity is overpowered by an agent. Conclusion: There is a need to decode some of the non pharmacological, prophylactic measures which are mentioned in our classics. Many obsolete practices widely followed by our forefathers to prevent infectious diseases like Dinacharya (Daily regimen), Ritucharya (Seasonal regimen), Aachara Rasayana, Sadvritta paalana (Codes of conduct), Pathya Apathya (Wholesome and unwholesome diet), Rasayana (Rejuvination therapy) are relevant even today.